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This paper traces the evolution National Policies for Basic Services, Affordable Housing and Livelihoods for the Urban Poor, in relation to urbanisation in India. It analysis different progressive phases of the evolution of the urban policy frameworks and strategies and elaborates on the current strategies evolving out of the urban vulnerability matrix. It finally goes on to describe the conceptual underpinnings of new initiatives and programs being developed at the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation, Government of India for supporting states and cities to enhance their capabilities to provide inclusive urban programs on the ground. Among others the paper covers, the developments and thought processes related to the Rajiv Awas Yogana, Affordable Housing support, program for the urban homeless and street vendors and the early development of ideas an urban livelihoods mission.